Task 9

1. Mainstream - safe genre films that are distributed to mass, national and often international audiences

2. Independent - films that have more localised appeal and niche audiences and that often utilise digital technologies to create 'brand awareness'. Independent films do not have access to extensive distribution networks.

3. Production (stages)
Pre- production – Casting, planning, script writing
Production - shooting
Post Production - editing

4. Distribution - getting the films out to cinemas and paying for the advertising and marketing

5. Marketing - The action or business of promoting and selling products or services including market research and advertising.

6. Exchange-

7. Multinational Conglomerate - large organisations whose business interests are global, utilising synergy and convergence and also cross media ownership.

8. Monopoly - where one company dominates the market

9. Oligopoly - where four or more companies dominate the market

10. Name the Big Six (90% of box office takings) - The big 6: Universal, Columbia, Paramount, 20th Century Fox, Disney, Sony

11. Horizontal Integration
(also known as cross media ownership) - where one media company acquires another media company in the same sector eg Vue acquiring Warner Village Cinemas in 2003

12. Vertical Integration - where the means or production and distribution are controlled by one company

13. Synergy - where two or more compatible products sell each other eg. a film and CD (8 Mile)

14. Merchandising - where the popularity of film are manipulated through the sales of spinoff goods eg. t-shirts and associated clothing, wristbands, stickers, badges and mugs

15. Ultra Violet - A marketing technique where there is a code in a DVD that you can use to share with other people so they can watch the film.

16. Above the Line - the list of individuals who guide, influence and hopefully add to the creative direction, process and voice of a given narrative in a film and their related expenditures. These roles include but are not limited to the screenwriter, producer, director and actors.

17. Below the Line - a term derived from the top sheet of a budget (Motion Picture, Television, Commercial, Industrial, Student Film, Documentary).

18. Technological Convergence/Cross media convergence - companies coming together vertically or horizontally. When new technologies are created which take over from the past technologies and perform the same task but in a more advanced manner.

19. Consumption - how much of what people buy (cinema ticket, food etc).

20. Exhibition - the retail branch of film industry. To some extent control how films are programmed, promoted and presented to the public.

21. Piracy - the unauthorised use or reproduction of someone else's work (filming a film at the cinema)

22. Hollywood Franchise 4S Model – synergy, spectacle, sequelisation, story

23. Tie-In - work of fiction or other product based on a media property such as a film, video game, television series,board game, web site, role-playing game or literary property.

24. Globalisation - where films are distributed around the work through elaborate cross media networks